Nigeria benefited immensely from cocoa production until the discovery of oil. The selling price of cocoa is the same almost everywhere. The feasibility study included in this guide is for a medium cocoa production business, from the start to the sale of 500 bags of cocoa. There are people who make millions of dollars in cocoa without owning a farm, you can become one of them too. At present, the production capacity of cocoa in nigeria has reached about 385, 000 metric tones per. Because cocoa is a tree crop, there are cocoa plantations spread across the. Nigeria is one of the cocoa producing countries with about 1. Fulltext constraints to improved cotton production in katsina state, nigeria.
Technology gap and efficiency in cocoa production in west. Cocoa production will help to contribute to nigerias gdp and move the country from its dependency on the oil industry. Low and declining yields are observed due to inconsistent production patterns, disease. Long before the oil craze, cocoa production and exportation was one of the countrys sources of revenue generation. Business report 2020 provides a complete overview of current market state issued in a comprehensive and easily accessed format.
Even though there was no coherent policy at the time nigeria attained independence in 1960, agriculture was the economic mainstay with cocoa production taking the lead. Examining the politicaleconomy of cocoa exports in nigeria. Climate change and the cocoa production in the tropical rain forest ecological zone of ondo state, nigeria t. However, the extent to which climate conditions could be held responsible for the changes in agricultural productivity is still an emerging subject of empirical. Application of game theory to cocoa production management systems in ondo state, nigeria. The crop was a major foreign exchange earner for nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s and in 1970 the country was the second largest producer in the world but following investments in the oil sector in the 1970s and 1980s, nigeria s share of world output declined. In africa, cocoa production is dominated by four countries. Cote divoire and ghana produce approximately 41 percent and 17 percent of the world output respectively.
Hence, before venturing into cocoa production in nigeria, you need to secure a large expanse of land with favorable climate and suitable rainfalls. Production reached an all times low of 159,000 tonnes in 198283, a mere 17 share of world production, down from the 36 percent in 196465. Abstract cocoa production is susceptible to a number of risks such as unavailability of enough land. Farmer training guide on icpm cocoa cambium the layer of tissue between the wood and the innermost bark of a tree canker a spot where the bark and cambium tissue is damaged or dead because of an infection caused by black pod fungus chupon vertical stem or shoot water shoot epiphyte a type of plant e. Thompson department of agricultural economics and extension, the federal university of technology, akure, nigeria abstract. Empirical analysis revealed that cocoa production is profitable with average gross revenue, average gross margin and average net farm income of n722,827, n6. Over 50% of this quantity is produced in ondo state alone with substantial quantities produced in oyo, ogun and osun states. While in this period expansion of the cocoa area at the expense of forest land contributed to increased.
The study examined costs and returns in cocoa production in cross river state by comparing three identified management systems of cocoa production in the area. How to start beans farming and production in nigeria. Production climbed to 389,272 tons between 2000 and 2010, but fell back to 192,000 tons in 2015 and 2016. African cocoa production by country, 2020 statista. A cost and return analysis of three cocoa production management systems in the cross river state cocoa belt nkang n m 1, ea ajah2, so abang3 and eo edet4 corresponding author email. Abiodun adedeji, assistant director, cocoa research institute of nigeria crin, ibadan, on sunday urged the federal government to produce defined policies on. Cocoa seedlings are extremely sensitive and can wither quickly if not handled with care. Cocoa revolution ondo will soon be richer than lagos. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between cocoa production in nigeria and agricultural credit guarantee scheme fund using time series data on cocoa production in nigeria. Nigeria is the third largest producer of cocoa in africa, producing about 12 percent of the total world production behind ivory coast which produces 35 percent and ghanas percent wilcox and abbot, 2004.
Cocoa is the leading agricultural export commodity of the country and its most important cash crop. Application of game theory to cocoa production management. Although cocoa has been cultivated for centuries in central america, it is a relative newcomer to africa, and even more recent in asia. A study of technical efficiency of cocoa production in southwest nigeria showed that more than 80% of cocoa farmers in the region had more than 10 years of coca farming experience and were relatively technically efficient in their use of resources although they were largely resource constrained. Cote divoire and ghana are the largest producers, followed by nigeria and cameroon. Average cocoa production declined from 420,000 tons in the 60s to 170,000 tons in 1999. Proper management is also needed to get the best yield. Oluyole cocoa research institute of nigeria, pmb 5244, ibadan, nigeria email. Analysis of incentives and disincentives for cocoa in nigeria. Abiodun adedeji, assistant director, cocoa research institute of nigeria crin, ibadan, on sunday urged the federal government to produce defined policies on cocoa production and marketing. Information on cocoa agriculture produce states in nigeria west africa has one of the largest cocoa producing countries where nigeria is the 4 th largest global producer of cocoa, which means they are literally behind the 3 first producing states which are ivory coast, indonesia, and ghana, and in terms of exportation, nigeria is the 3rd. However, the discovery of crude oil and the subsequent oil boom of the late 1970s provided a temporary respite for nigerias politicaleconomy from collapse of the commodity.
Fertilizer use and cocoa production in cross river state, nigeria. Download undergraduate projects topics and materials accounting, economics, education. Cocoa is the second major nonoil foreign exchange earner for nigeria. Cocoa farmers in cross river lament low price, export opportunities. The crop was a major foreign exchange earner for nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s and in 1970 the country was the second largest producer in the world but following investments in the oil sector in the 1970s and 1980s, nigerias share of world output declined. Structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the respondents. This statistic depicts the annual cocoa production of africa from 20142015 to 20192020, broken down by country. It is interesting to note that nigerian economy as at then was financially stable than what we have now, and there are renewed efforts to boost cocoa production in nigeria. Cocoa production in ondo state is largely in the hands of small scale farmers. Importance of cocoa cocoa is a cash crop grown throughout the humid tropics with about 6.
The five dominant cocoa producing local government areas in the state are idanre, ondo west, odigbo, owo, and akure south. Information on cocoa agriculture produce states in nigeria. Economic efficiency of cocoa production in gashaka local. Production reached an all times low of 159,000 tonnes in 198283, a mere 17 share. The capital covers from store setup, land acquisition, seed purchase, production, and marketing. Constraints to improved cotton production in katsina state, nigeria. Fertilizer use and cocoa production in cross river state. Ekiti, ogun, edo, kogi, akwa ibom, delta, abia, kwara, ebonyi and rivers with an annual production rate of 400,000 metric tons mt over 98% of the product is exported and its provides means of livelihood and employment to over five million 5,000,000 people. Constraints to improved cotton production in katsina state.
Cocoa production will help to contribute to nigeria s gdp and move the country from its dependency on the oil industry. This excludes those for whom cocoa is not the main activity. Data used in the study were collected using structured questionnaires which were administered by the agricultural development programme. In the beginning of the 21 st century the cocoa production increased from about 2,000,000 tons to about 3,000,000 tons in 2010 and subsequent years. Ideal risku global limited is a known company in agro allied products export and production.
The interwar period marked a slowdown in cocoa 202 chapter 12. Most cocoa farmers in nigeria were established over 40 years ago. The study assessed the input use efficiency of cocoa farmers in nigeria. Nigeria is the fourth leading exporter of cocoa in the world. Economic cacao cultivars are grown for the production of dried beans, which are the source of cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, cocoa cake and cocoa powder. Planting, replanting and tree diversification in cocoa systems authors richard asare and sonii david collaborating partner sustainable tree crops program of the international institute of tropical agriculture p. Cacao is a fastgrowing tropical forest plant, capable of being cultivated in association with other trees, and providing additional goods like timber and firewood, fruits, construction materials. At the heightpeak of production, nigeria was producing over 345,000 tons of cocoa. Economic feasibility of production and export of organic.
Ivory coast, ghana, nigeria, indonesia and brazil are the most important cacao producers table 1. The report includes detailed analyses of cocoa market in nigeria, information on major producers, distributing companies, and buyers. Prior to the discovery of crude oil in commercial quantities in the 1970s, nigeria was the worlds second largest producer of cocoa. Today, there is renewed interest in revamping this sector. The effect of cocoa farming on the economy of nigeria, largest undergraduate projects repository, research works and materials. By the beginning of the 1980s, ghanas production dropped significantly from an average of more than 400,000 tonnes per year to a low of 270,000 tonnes between 19881990 crig handbook, 2010 2. Sustainable tree crops program, international institute of tropical agriculture, yaounde, cameroon. Input use efficiency of cocoa farmers in ondo state, nigeria. Jurgen pohlan, valentin diaz perez encyclopedia of life support systems eolss from dried beans was developed between 1825 and 1828, and this led to the manufacture of solid chocolate. However it is not all bad news as there has been a resurgence in cocoa production in recent years. Also in nigeria, ojiako, asumugha, ezedinma, and uzokwe 2007 while analyzing production trends in major root and tuber crops between 19612008 reported lower and higher values of growth rates for crops in the presap and postsap periods respectively. Cocoa production in nigeria has been on a major decline.
Adebiyi cocoa research institute of nigeria crin, ibadan, nigeria 2017 international symposium on cocoa research iscr, lima, peru, 17 nov 2017. Cocoa production and related socialeconomic and climate. In nigeria, cocoa production is traditionally for export, with less than 10% utilised for. Cocoa production by smallholders in nigeria and owanwest local government area.
A guide for farmer field schools in sierra leone adapted from. Jamforte consult are exporters of nigeria agricultural. Nigerias annual cocoa production rate of is about 192,000 metric tonnes mt2016. The other two important producers are cameroon and nigeria, each contributing approximately five. Feasibility study on cocoa farming production in nigeria. Its output capacity is estimated at 77,000 tons per annum. Good agricultural practices for sustainable cocoa production. Technology gap and efficiency in cocoa production in west and. Find addresses, telephones, contacts and locations.
There is a need for more participation in cocoa farming in africa. In fact, ondo is the largest cocoa producing state in the country. A twostage sampling procedure was used to select a hundred and fifty cocoa farmers for the study. Climate change and the cocoa production in the tropical. Within western nigeria itself, most of the crop is produced in a small contiguous area, generally referred to as the cocoa belt ojo, 2003. Empire place, plot 1683 sanusi fafunwa, victoria island, lagos state, nigeria. The other two important producers are cameroon and nigeria, each contributing approximately five percent of the world cocoa production. Cocoa production will lessen the unemployment scourge in nigeria. This timeline shows the production of cocoa beans in nigeria from 201220 to 20182019 and provides a forecast for 20192020. A case study of the ghanaian cocoa industry a thesis presented to the faculty of the department of architectural and manufacturing sciences western kentucky university bowling green, kentucky in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science by kwasi boateng may 2014. Nov 28, 2016 cocoa production will help to contribute to nigerias gdp and move the country from its dependency on the oil industry.
Trade reforms in nigerias agricultural sector were aimed at expanding the export capacity of the sector through increased domestic production of export crops, increased domestic production of tradable semimanufactured goods from agriculturalraw materials, increased import of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, agrochemicals. How cocoa farming in nigeria is an opportunity for investors. This has seen a steady growth in investment and production. Cocoa farmers in cross river lament low price, export. However, this took a dive as the agricultural sector was ignored. The study report also explained that labour constituted the highest cost of cocoa production and. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 90 cocoa farmers from the state. Stagnation and growth postindependence 1938early 1964.
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